Back pain is a common complaint among people of all ages and backgrounds. It’s estimated that around 80% of adults will experience back pain at some point in their lives.
While occasional back pain can be caused by something as simple as sleeping in an awkward position, constant back pain is a different matter.
This type of persistent discomfort might signal a more serious underlying condition.
Common Causes of Constant Back Pain
1. Muscle Strain or Sprain
One of the most frequent causes of back pain is muscle strain or sprain. This can happen due to lifting heavy objects, twisting awkwardly, or even from poor posture.
While muscle-related back pain can be quite painful, it often resolves with rest, heat therapy, and over-the-counter pain relievers. If the pain persists, however, it could be a sign of something more serious.
2. Herniated Disc
The spine consists of vertebrae separated by discs that act as cushions. A herniated disc occurs when the inner gel-like core pushes through the outer shell.
This can cause pressure on nearby nerves, leading to pain that may radiate to the legs or buttocks. Constant back pain associated with a herniated disc may require medical attention, physical therapy, or even surgery in severe cases.
3. Spinal Stenosis
Spinal stenosis refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.
This condition is more common in older adults and can cause constant back pain, numbness, and weakness in the legs. Treatment options for spinal stenosis range from physical therapy to surgical intervention.
4. Degenerative Disc Disease
As people age, the discs between the vertebrae can wear down, leading to degenerative disc disease. This can cause chronic back pain that may worsen with movement. Although degenerative disc disease is a natural part of ageing, severe cases might require medical treatment, including physical therapy or surgery.
5. Arthritis
Arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis, can affect the spine, leading to inflammation and constant back pain.
This condition is often accompanied by stiffness and reduced mobility. Managing arthritis-related back pain typically involves anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.
6. Other Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions can also cause constant back pain. These include osteoporosis, infections, or even tumours. It’s essential to seek medical advice if you experience persistent back pain to rule out these more serious causes.
When Back Pain Causes Fasciculations
Sometimes, back pain can cause fasciculations, which are involuntary muscle twitches or contractions.
Fasciculations can occur when nerves are irritated or compressed, as with conditions like herniated discs or spinal stenosis.
If you notice fasciculations along with your back pain, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
When to Seek Medical Help
If you experience constant back pain, there are certain red flags that indicate it’s time to seek medical help. These include:
– Severe or worsening pain that doesn’t improve with rest or over-the-counter pain relievers
– Numbness or tingling in the legs or other areas
– Weakness in the muscles
– Loss of bladder or bowel control
– Unexplained weight loss
These symptoms can be signs of a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Managing Constant Back Pain
Managing constant back pain involves a multi-faceted approach. Here are some strategies that can help:
1. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can strengthen the muscles that support the spine, improve flexibility, and reduce pain.
A physical therapist can design a customised exercise program for your specific needs.
2. Pain Management
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage back pain. In some cases, stronger prescription medications may be necessary, but these should be used under medical supervision.
3. Lifestyle Changes
Improving posture, losing weight, and engaging in regular exercise can help reduce back pain. Activities like yoga and swimming can be particularly beneficial for strengthening the back and improving flexibility.
4. Surgery
In cases where conservative treatments don’t work, or if the underlying condition is severe, surgery might be necessary. This could involve removing a herniated disc, decompressing the spinal cord, or stabilising the spine.
Key Takeaways
Constant back pain can have many causes, from muscle strain to more serious conditions like herniated discs or spinal stenosis.
If you’re experiencing persistent back pain, it’s important to seek medical advice to determine the cause and find an appropriate treatment plan.
Remember, early intervention can help prevent more serious complications down the road.